Mestia town in the greater Caucasus

Mestia (Georgian მესტია) is a small town (Georgian Daba) in northwestern Georgia and is located at an altitude of about 1500 m in the Greater Caucasus. It is located in the region of Mingrelia and Upper Svaneti and is the capital of the historical region of Svaneti.The city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its stone towers. Over 9316 people live on the territory of the municipality of the same name Mestia, which covers all of Upper Svaneti, about 1973 in Mestia itself (2014). The population has recently declined sharply.The city is predominantly inhabited by Swans, a subethnic group of Georgians. It is currently being developed into the tourism center of Upper Svaneti.

The interior of the four- to five-storey towers, with an average external floor area of five by five metres, can also be used as a granary and storage facility, as well as a temporary living room with cooking facilities. The ground floor and, in the case of some mighty towers, also the first floor on which the towers sit, reveal a further architectural feature: they contain brick vaulted ceilings which give the impression of being in a small house.[3] In this way, the enormous forces of the heavy buildings are transferred to the approximately one metre thick, in some places even more powerful outer walls and into the foundation, which further increases the stability of the fortified towers. Some towers contain internal, concealed stone staircases which - for defensive reasons - separate the ground floor from the upper floors, e.g. by an access from the outside. For others, the first floor can only be reached by a retractable wooden ladder.

An architectural peculiarity of the villages are the medieval fortified towers, which can be found with varying frequency in almost all mountain villages. These towers have up to five floors, with the upper floors mainly used for defensive purposes. For this purpose, most of these towers have defence domes with so-called pitch noses, which were used to pour pitch over attacking enemies. Certainly, the number of towers also always represented the power of individual ancestral communities. On top of the tower, which tapers slightly in an arc of a circle for static reasons, sits a wooden beam roof truss, which forms a gable roof. The towers without weir bay windows, from which the buildings could be defended, have gabled roofs or flat roofs sloping to one side. The roofs of all the towers are covered with slate slabs, some of which are accessible via terraced structures. The less powerful, but equally high towers probably also served as surveillance towers or as a last refuge in defensive cases.

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Mestia Georgia
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Mestia Georgia

Mestia (Georgian მესტია) is a small town (Georgian Daba) in northwestern Georgia and is located at an altitude of about 1500 m in the Greater Cau Read More

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